Cloud Computing and IT

Cloud Computing and IT

How Website work?

 

Server composed of:

Compute, memory, storage(file or database), network - Routers, switch, DNS server.

IT terminology:

  • Network: cables, routers and servers connected with each other.
  • Router: A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. They know where to send your packets on the internet.
  • Switch: takes a packet and send it to the correct server/client on your network.



Problems:

  • Pay rent for datacenter
  • Pay for power, cooling and maintenance
  • Adding and replacing hardware takes time
  • Scaling is limited
  • Hire 24/7 team to monitor the infrastructure
  • Plan for taking care of disasters. eg: Earth-Quake, Power-Supply issue etc...

Demand:

How to externalize all above task?

Solution:

Cloud

Cloud Computing: (on-demand/pay-as-you-go/)

  • Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of compute power, database storage, applications and other IT resources.
  • Cloud services are pay-as-you-go pricing.
  • Provision exactly the right type and size of computing resources you need.
  • You can access as many resources as you need, almost instantly.
  • Simple way to access servers, storage, database and a  set of application services.
  • AWS owns and maintains the network-connected hardware required for these application services, while you provision and use what you need via a web application.
example: gmail, dropbox(build on AWS), Netflix(AWS powered).

The Deployment Models of the Cloud:

Private Cloud: 

  • Cloud services used by a single organization, not exposed to the public.
  • Complete control
  • Security for sensitive applications
  • Meet specific business needs

Public Cloud:

  • example Azure/GCP/AWS
  • Cloud resources owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider delivered over the internet.
  • Six advantages of using cloud computing.

Hybrid Cloud:

  • Keep some servers on premises and extend some capabilities to the Cloud.
  • Control over sensitive assets in your private infrastructure.
  •  Flexibility and cost-effectiveness of the public cloud.


Five Characteristics of Cloud Computing:

  • On-demand self service:
    • Users can provision resources and use them without human interaction from the service provider.
  • Broad network access:
    • Resources available over the network, and can be accessed by diverse client platforms.
  • Multi-tenancy and resource pooling:
    • Multiple customers can share the same infrastructure and applications with security and privacy.
    • Multiple customers are serviced from the same physical resources.
  • Rapid elasticity and scalability:
    • Automatically and quickly acquire and dispose resources when needed.
    • Quickly and easily scale based on demand.
  • Measured service:
    • Usage is measured, users pay currently for what they have used.

Six Advantages of Cloud Computing:

  • Trade capital expense (CAPEX) for operational expense (OPEX)
    • Pay On-Demand: don't own hardware
    • Reduces Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) & Operational Expense (OPEX)
  • Benefit from massive economics of scale
    • Prices are reduced as AWS is more efficient due to large scale
  • Stop guessing capacity
    • Scale based on actual measured usage
  • Increase speed and agility
  • Stop spending money running and maintaining data centers
  • Go global in minutes: leverage the AWS global infrastructure

Problems solved by the Cloud:

  • Flexibility: change resource types when needed.
  • Cost-Effectiveness: pay as you go, for what you use
  • Scalability: accommodate larger loads by making hardware stronger or adding additional nodes
  • Elasticity: ability to scale-out and scale-in when needed
  • High-availability and fault-tolerance: build across data centers
  • Agility: rapidly develop, test and launch software applications

Types of Cloud Computing:

  • Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS) - example EC2.
    • Provide building blocks for cloud IT
    • Provides networking, computers, data storage space.
    • Highest level of flexibility
    • Easy parallel with traditional on-premises IT
  • Platform as a Service(PaaS) - example Elastic Beanstalk
    • Removes the need for your organization to manage the underlying infrastructure
    • Focus on the deployment and management of your applications.
  • Software as a Service(SaaS) - AWS services like Bedrock.
    • Completed product that is run and managed by the service provider

Management responsibility:

For on-premises: (everything managed us nothing is managed by AWS)

Applications, Data, Runtime, Middleware, O/S, Virtualization, Servers, Storage, Networking 

Under IaaS:

Owned by us: Applications, Data, Runtime, Middleware, O/S
Owned by AWS: Virtualization, Servers, Storage, Networking

Under PaaS:

Owned by us: Applications, Data
Owned by AWS: Runtime, Middleware, O/S, Virtualization, Servers, Storage, Networking

Under SaaS: (everything is owned by AWS)

Applications, Data, Runtime, Middleware, O/S, Virtualization, Servers, Storage, Networking

Example:

IaaS:

    EC2

PaaS:

    Elastic Beanstalk

SaaS:

    Recognition for Machine Learning and other services (bedrock etc..)

Pricing of the Cloud - Quick Overview:

  • AWS has 3 pricing fundamentals, following the pay-as-you-go pricing model
  • Compute:
    • Pay for compute time
  • Storage
    • Pay for data stored in the Cloud
  • Data transfer OUT of the Cloud: (when data leave cloud then need to pay) - For Networking
    • Data transfer IN is free
  • Solves the expensive issue of traditional IT.

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